Did the Presidential Executive Order 9066 violated habeas corpus?.

Did Congress go beyond its power by issuing an exclusion that deprived Japanese American of their rights?.

He felt that he was being deprived of his rights live freely without the appropriate legal process.

Korematsu felt that his rights were being violated.

Did the Presidential Executive Order 9066 violate Korematsu’s 14th Amendment Equal Protection Clause and his 5th Amendment rights to ‘life, liberty, and property.”?.

government could not continue to detain a citizen who was “concededly loyal” to the United States. supreme court handed down an Ex-Parte Endo, which the justices unanimously ruled that the U.S. On Decemthe United States supreme court delivered its opinion on the Korematsu case, upholding Korematsu’s conviction His appeal was denied citing that the case doubted whether or not it had jurisdiction to hear the appeal.Īfter being denied, Korematsu appealed to the Supreme Court.

Korematsu appealed to the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals. He was convicted of violating a military order and received a five year probation sentence. Consequently, Korematsu was then arrested on May 30 and taken to Tanforan Relocation Center. Korematsu failed to submit to his relocation destination. On Fred Korematsu was issued the Exclusion Order Number 34. The evacuees were sent to the Manzanar War relocation center. This agency was responsible for speeding up the relocation process for Japanese relocation. This executive order created the War Relocation Authority. A second executive order was issued on March 18, 1942. The United States President and Congress acted in response to the attack and the political attitude of the the nation’s fear of war and terror. The United States suffered immensely from the Pearl Harbor attack and many citizens were terrorized with the image of the attack. After the Pearl Harbor attack, great hostility towards individuals of Japanese ancestry increased in fear of said individuals potentially being spies plotting another attack. born sons and daughters of Japanese immigrants of the southern California terminal island, were ordered to evacuate their homes only bringing what they could carry. A Nisei Order was issued which meant that all U.S. The population was largely located on the West Coast. It was mostly applied to the Japanese American population.

The order did not mention a particular group. The Executive Order allowed United States Military to transport individuals, implying those of Japanese ancestry, to live in designated and restricted areas and issued curfews for the latter group of individuals as a result of wartime prevention and protection. Roosevelt issued Executive Order 9066 on February 16, 1942. Timeline 1Īfter the attack on Pearl Harbor on Decemby Japanese military, Franklin D. United States, Korematsu’s conviction was reversed.

This case ruling has been regarded as one of the worst Supreme Court decisions made by many historians due to the lack of civil rights granted to Korematsu. The majority opinion, delivered by Justice Black, justified their ruling by stating that Congress and the Executive have the right to issue military orders that evicted and placed individuals in internment camps based off their Japanese ancestry due to the fact that potential of espionage existing among Japanese Americans outweighed their constitutional rights. Supreme Court ruled in favor of Korematsu’s conviction resulting in him going to a Japanese internment camp. Korematsu didn’t escape the Executive Order 9066 when he refused to leave his home in San Leandro, California violating Exclusion Order Number 34. Korematsu would lie about his ethnicity and background saying he was Mexican American in order to avoid governmental exclusion.

Living during the wartime tension, Fred Korematsu, a Japanese American, tried to live out of trouble. Congress and the Executive acted in response of the public’s concern and targeted individuals of Japanese ancestry as potential war threats. Fear and uncertainty manifested among the general American public and the government from the attack. Executive Order 9066 resulted in the eviction of thousands of Japanese American children, women, and men from restricted areas in the West Coast and held many of them in internment camps in order of preventing the occurrence of war crimes. After the attack on Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941, President Franklin Roosevelt issued Executive Order 9066. Supreme Court case that upheld Japanese internment camps.

Korematsu v united states 1944